STEVE FAINARU: The NFL is broadcast over five networks. It's you know, it's a way of life. MARK FAINARU-WADA, FRONTLINE/ESPN: Chris Nowinski shows up and says, "Look, I'll find the brains for you. And people always say the brain is the last frontier. Each time that happens, it's around 20G or more. To cite an episode of TV: Writer, W. In the text, include the source name and year of publication in parentheses at the end of your sentence, before the punctuation. And so I called up Chris, like, "What the hell's going on?" APA reference style is a style of citing sources used by the American Psychological Association.It is primarily used in the social sciences and includes guidelines for citing sources both within the text of a document and in the . In a two-part documentary, FRONTLINE and Forbidden Films explore how the powerful spyware Pegasus, sold to governments around the world by the Israeli company NSO Group, was used on journalists, activists, the wife and fiance of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi and others. ", [www: Timeline: NFL's changing positions]. When he arrives at the medical examiner's office, he's telling people that he has the verbal consent from Tyler Seau to harvest the brain. Dr. Bennet Omalu was studying the microscopic samples. NARRATOR: The glory and the violence of football was beamed into tens of millions of American living rooms during primetime. CHRIS NOWINSKI, Author of the Book/Film Head Games: I'd be a fool not to worry about CTE personally. NEWSCASTER: The issue is head injuries among players, and if those injuries can lead. NARRATOR: They had even invited outside scientists who had become some of the league's biggest critics. He soon replaced the rheumatologist Dr. Elliot Pellman and promoted the neurologist Dr. Ira Casson. NARRATOR: His second in command and closest aide, Roger Goodell, took over. She's done a great job. NARRATOR: She'd spent years trying to get help from the NFL and its players association. NARRATOR: But what Otto and others do not know is whether football has also caused injuries they cannot see, the result of what they called getting their bell rung. This committee was founded in 1994. ROGER GOODELL: [CBS "This Morning," September 4, 2013] There was no admission of guilt. He took on this battle for the right reasons. And he's sacked! NEWSCASTER: Congress considers concussions in the NFL, NEWSCASTER: Congress is getting into the game. And it was probably 15 members of the committee. ANNOUNCER: The build-up is over, and away we go in Super Bowl 43! December 22, NARRATOR: But now the league might face huge lawsuits and a tarnished image if Dr. McKee's findings about CTE held up. New: 87 Deceased NFL Players Test Positive for Brain Disease, Study of Former NFL Players Shows Risks for Brain from Youth Football, NFL Concussion Settlement Wins Final Approval from Judge, Top NFL Rookie to Retire, Citing Concussion Risk, Questions Over Brain Disease Again Stymie NFL Concussion Settlement. I'm just tired and confused right now, that's why I say I can't really I can't say it the way I want to say it. There were no long-term psychological problems or cognitive problems in these athletes, in essence, saying it wasn't a problem. Game time! What is APA Reference Style. And she didn't drop a beat and said, "Are you kidding!" It's Dennis Brown coming in. MARK FAINARU-WADA, FRONTLINE/ESPN: The tau is effectively closing in around the brain cells and choking them. They'll squash you. He wasn't the same person. This is not something you normally see in the brain. He's the one that made the decision to publish papers, no matter whether the reviewers felt they should be published or not, no matter whether the section editor felt they should be published or not. But we didn't really relate that in a modern sport like football, in a helmeted sport, that it could lead to that. And then to be down to a place of poverty, a place where, you know, your brain can't function to finish a sentence without some help from Ritalin or whatever you need to function for a short period of time. You didn't need the trial to know that there was something wrong there. He became you know, had irate moments of, you know, violent temper. It looks like in the heart. Look out! But the NFL is under assault: thousands of former players have claimed the league tried to cover up how football inflicted long-term brain injuries on many players. I'm sure he would. You only get one brain. LISA McHALE, Wife: Restlessness, irritability and discontent describe Tom to a T today, but no way is it anywhere near the man I had known and the man I had been married to for years. Nobody knows that at this point in time. NARRATOR: And for the BU advocate Chris Nowinski, it was a danger the NFL helped to create. HARRY CARSON, Author, Captain For Life: I think everyone now has a better sense of what damage you can get from playing football. He moved to Lodi, California. And prevalence how many players had it. You know that that brain is supposed to be pristine. Let me spend time with this brain. NARRATOR: Dr. McKee admits she's seeing only a small sample. It was a new understanding that, "Hey, you know, this might be bigger than we think.". He said, "OK, I'll tell you." Steve Young apparently knocked cold, knocked out cold, walks off the field. Let's be clear. The Super Bowl is a spectacle. He was angrier quicker than before, and didn't have the patience to have, you know, the kids on his lap or take a walk with the kids. We'd like you to participate. UNV 503. NEWSCASTER: The NFL changes its playbook, NEWSCASTER: New rules for treating athletes with concussions, NEWSCASTER: NFL commissioner Roger Goodell wants all teams to adhere to a new policy for head injuries. NARRATOR: It was now in writing. Dr. Pellman is not a neurosurgeon. January 28, Rep. JOHN CONYERS: I just asked you a simple question. He looked beat up. He became depressed. NARRATOR: The NFL doctors insisted Dr. Omalu was misunderstanding the science of brain injury. You know, there are other issues that we've got to look at. The skin on his forehead had built up almost a shelf of scar tissue that from the continuous pounding of his head into other people. TYLER SEAU: People started saying things about Omalu, kind of telling me the kind of character that he has. He said, "No, you don't." NARRATOR: By the mid-90s, the concussion crisis had made its way to NFL headquarters on Park Avenue in New York City. So not only was it an issue for my clients, it was a huge societal issue. PRODUCED BY . His claim for disability was filed with the National Football League's retirement board. And he says, "No. I know that I went to war, and I came out of the battle with what I got. MARK FAINARU: He ends up in the dust bowl of north central California, and he's working as a medical examiner there, as far removed from the NFL as anybody could be, and trying to figure out how to sort of stay in it. NARRATOR: In a letter to the journal Neurosurgery, Dr. Pellman and other members of the NFL's MTBI committee attacked Dr. Omalu's paper. And I'm not talking about the knees and you know, all of that stuff is a given. To lead it, he chose Elliot Pellman, the New York Jets team doctor, a firm believer that concussions were not a serious problem. CTE has dragged me into the politics of science, the politics of the NFL. ANNOUNCER: [ABC "Monday Night Football," 1983] vivid picturization of the excitement. APA radio and television citation is almost similar with how you cite a book. You'll receive access to exclusive information and early alerts about our documentaries and investigations. Note: These citations are software generated and may contain errors. PETER KEATING: Dr. Omalu is excluded, just underscoring how they don't want to do business with him. So he asked me, said, "Sunny, can you tase me?" How to cite "League of denial" by Fainaru-Wada and Fainaru APA citation. You know, here we were in the midst of everything and this potentially giant story was being told, and virtually no one was there. 2022/5/26. I feel very privileged that someone has trusted me with this duty. I could answer this real easy at other times, but right now, I'm just tired. Jeff Seamon on it. IRA CASSON, M.D., Co-Chair, MTBI Committee, 2007-09: No. He looked drained. DOCUMENT: "indicate that his disability is the result of head injuries he suffered as a football player.". NARRATOR: Dr. McKee has now examined the brains of 46 former NFL players. Whoa! Tagliabue had begun his career as a lawyer. I had to make sure the slides were Mike Webster's slides. NEWSCASTER: and violent, off-the-field incidents. BROADCAST DIRECTOR: 15 seconds to air. NARRATOR: For Chris Harvard, the performance often ended with a blow to the head. In a special two-hour investigation, FRONTLINE and prize-winning journalists Steve Fainaru and Mark Fainaru-Wada of ESPN reveal the hidden story of the NFL and brain injuries, drawn from their book League of Denial: The NFL, Concussions and the Battle for Truth (Crown Archetype, October 2013). Voodoo! ALAN SCHWARZ: While we were talking, he said "It's clear that there are long-term consequences to concussions in NFL players." NARRATOR: The story of Webster's decline was revealed on ESPN, and then the local newspapers. Frontline : Juvenile Justice. And so you knew that this was going to be big. It was it was like, you know, a picture of him that was just shattered into a million pieces. STEVE YOUNG: If my knee is hurt, everyone knows it and I know it, and we can go deal with it, and shoulders. / 1h 53m. The FRONTLINE investigation details how, for years, the league denied and worked to refute scientific evidence that the violent collisions at the heart of the game are linked to an alarming incidence of early onset dementia, catastrophic brain damage, and other devastating consequences for some of footballs all-time greats. I'm, like, "Mike, that's not healthy." Dr. ANN McKEE: I was shocked to find that in the brain of this 18-year-old, there were little tiny spots, little tiny areas in the frontal lobe that looked just like this disease. Dr. JULIAN BAILES: So I presented and showed our data, which was four or five cases at that point. But he literally slid it across the table in an envelope. NARRATOR: Then there was the matter of Webster's forehead. They didn't want to admit to themselves or anybody else that our beloved sport, probably our most popular sport, could end up with brain damage. NARRATOR: Nevertheless, the commissioner said no. And I'm, like, "OK." I don't know, you know, he's my hero, I'm going to do whatever he tells me. Paraphrasing content from first source . Dr. BENNET OMALU: If you read, Pellman made statements like what I practice is not medicine, it's not science. ", Dr. HENRY FEUER: I you know,I don't know why she feels that way. Dr. ANN McKEE: Those sub-concussive hits, those hits that don't even rise to the level of what we call a concussion, or symptoms, just playing the game can be dangerous. His dream was to play for the Steelers. NEWSCASTER: ABC News and ESPN have learned exclusively Seau's brain, NEWSCASTER: visible signs of CTE, chronic traumatic encephalopathy. I mean, it was great it was very "Deep Throat" by somebody who shall remain nameless. NARRATOR: And Dr. Omalu received his brain. STEVE FAINARU: One of his mantras was to "protect the shield," the NFL shield, to protect the integrity of the game. That brain is normal. CHRIS NOWINSKI: At the beginning, when I first kind of got up the nerve to do it, you know, I wrote down a script and I prepared, I practiced, mentally preparing myself for wandering into someone's life like this. Maybe 10 minutes passed, and he looked at me with the same puzzled expression and asked the same sequence of questions. NFL NARRATOR: On this down and dirty dance floor, huge men perform a punishing pirouette. ANNOUNCER: Next, League of Denial: The NFL's Concussion Crisis. 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